1. At the end of the discussion of the definition "Knowledge is perception", Socrates argues that we do not see and hear "with" the eyes and the eras, but "through" the eyes and the ears. How are we to understand this? And in what way is it correct to say that Socrates argument is directed towards what we in modern terms call "empiricism"?
Socrates and Theaetetus continually discussed and denied the theory of perception. The better way of indicating the theory is not "with" the eyes and ears but "through" the eyes and the ears. All the things are assemble in one single form which describes as "the mind." Through the sense called the tools, we use our mind to sense everything. Using the mind to determine everything in the universe sounds unrealistic but Socrates argued that it is the exact way to define the things we see and hear. The mind through the senses to determine the existence of fact and contrast and independence among the things. Therefore, we can illustrate that impression determines the knowledge instead of image.
2. In the preface to the second edition of "Critique of Pure Reason" (page B xvi) Kant says: "Thus far is has been assumed that all our cognition must conform to objects. On that presupposition, however, all our attempts to establish something about them a priori, by means of concepts through which our cognition would be expanded, have come to nothing. Let us, therefore, try to find out by experiment whether we shall not make better progress in the problems of metaphysics if we assume that objects must conform to our cognition." How are we to understand this?
From the context, we can understand that there is a huge gap between the true knowledge and the false one. "The true judgment may well be knowledge" saying determines the false judgment as "heterodoxy". Our cognition is collaborated to follow the objects. However, there are some people arguing that our cognition have to be distorted by the false judgment. In order to reach the consensus, the majority of people believe that our cognition is to follow the order in the universe. To solve the problems of objects conforming to our cognition, we have to understand what the "true judgment" means firstly. To distinguish the true judgment and the false one, we have to determine the cognition.
Regarding your discussion about true and false knowledge, I think it would've been beneficial to explain these concepts a bit more before including them in the discussion, e.g. when you're stating that "there are people arguing that our cognition have to be distorted by the false judgment". It's a bit hard to follow your reflections. However, it seems like you have some good ideas, but they just don't manage to come through clearly enough.
ReplyDeleteLooking forward to reading your 1.2 post to see if you have any additional thoughts about the topic.